The Humboldt Current, a massive and frigid oceanic flow, moves along the west coast of South America, profoundly influencing the climate of Chilean vineyards. Originating near Antarctica, it maintains temperatures between 8°C and 11°C (46°F to 52°F), creating a stark contrast with the warmer tropical waters in the north. This temperature gradient plays a crucial role in regulating coastal climates, mitigating extreme heat and fostering cool, stable conditions. Additionally, the current sustains some of the world’s most productive marine ecosystems, particularly along the coasts of Chile and Peru, where its nutrient-rich waters support thriving fisheries and abundant marine life.
Without it, Chile’s vineyards—situated at a southern latitude of 33º—would produce entirely different styles of wine. Its cooling influence is the key factor enabling coastal Chile to craft wines celebrated for their elegance and freshness. In fact, Humboldt’s impact creates climatic conditions remarkably similar to those of Dijon in Burgundy or Reims in Champagne, making it ideal for cultivating cool-climate varieties such as Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Sauvignon Blanc.
The current also condenses humidity into a thick morning fog, which lingers in the coastal vineyards until nearly 2pm. As the fog retreats, it allows for a slow and extended ripening process under the sun. This phenomenon mirrors the conditions found in Sonoma and Napa, where the fog protects grapes from sunburn, maintains high humidity to reduce vine stress during summer and droughts, and promotes gradual ripening. This extended ripening period enhances flavor development, intensifies aromatics, and naturally regulates yields by producing smaller berries and clusters packed with concentrated flavors.
Beyond Humboldt, the diverse soils and dramatic topography of Chilean vineyards further shape wine profiles. Unlike flat terrains, Chile’s vineyards are interwoven with two north-south mountain ranges—the Coastal Range (Cordillera de la Costa) and the Andes—creating valleys and microclimates where the influence of the Humboldt Current varies. In regions where these ranges are low or absent, Humboldt’s cooling effect is more pronounced, generating distinct weather patterns even within the same vineyard. This natural variation results in wines with different flavor profiles that maintain excellent acidity, yielding wines that are crisp, vibrant, and full of character.
While other oceanic currents influence vineyards worldwide, the Humboldt Current stands out as one of the longest, coldest, and most impactful. Its profound cooling effect shapes the unique character of Chile’s coastal vineyards primarily located in Chile’s renowned Limarí, Leyda (coolest), and Casablanca valleys.
Below is a fine selection of wines affected by Humboldt. As you know from reading my blog, I’m an acidity lover, so I truly appreciate this style of wine. That said, the Torres Chardonnay and the Terranoble Pinot Noir stand out for their exceptional elegance. Their gracefulness is a result of the fog inversion and the cooling influence of the Humboldt Current, which works in harmony with the sunny conditions and the unique limestone or granitic soils. Together, they impart distinct mineral accents that elevate these wines to another level.
Miguel Torres Cordillera de Los Andes Chardonnay 2023, $20
A smooth, creamy palate graces this delightful Chardonnay, with crisp green apple, fresh grass, and zesty lime leading the way. The wine is balanced by vibrant acidity, which is beautifully complemented by a chalky minerality—a signature of the calcareous limestone soils of the Limarí Valley.
Floresta Chardonnay 2021, $20
Delicate white flowers mingle with vibrant pear and white peach notes. The palate is rich and textured, enhanced by extended aging on lees, adding depth and complexity. Sourced from a vineyard at the edge of the fog inversion effect, this wine reflects both elegance and a distinct sense of place.
Chardonnay Montes Alpha 2020, $24
Aromas of ripe papaya, banana, and pink grapefruit lead the way, complemented by subtle toasted vanilla from oak aging. The palate is rich and opulent, with a luscious body and a lingering, velvety finish.
Terranoble Pinot Noir 2023, $15
A juicy, red-fruited expression showcasing bright strawberry and tart sour cherry, layered with herbal and earthy undertones. Vibrant acidity and well-integrated tannins create a harmonious balance, while mineral accents add depth to its highly aromatic profile.
Boya Pinot Noir 2020, $20
Lush raspberries and wild berries intertwine with delicate rose petals and fragrant rosemary notes. This silky, expressive red boasts soft tannins and fresh acidity, delivering elegance and vibrancy in every sip.
Amelia Pinot Noir 2022, $55
A beautifully balanced red, where chalky minerality interlaces with vibrant notes of sour red cherry and delicate black tea leaves. The wine is powerful, yet maintains a refined elegance, with lively acidity supporting its structure. Subtle oak nuances emerge from 12 months of barrel aging, adding a layer of complexity without overshadowing its natural finesse.
Until next one, Cheers! Silvina
#thoughtsoflawina #winesofchile #humboldtcurrent #coolclimatewines #pinotnoir #chardonnay.
A special Thanks to CPalate and Wines of Chile for providing these samples and organizing this very instructive seminar. At the time of publishing this I heard that Jane and Kate are retiring, I wish them the very best on her future endeavours, thank you for your support all of these years!
